The Phaistos Disc is the first print item to be considered a typographical creation because of its reusing of identical characters. The disc dates from 1850-1600 BC from Crete, Greece. It is a fired clay disc which it is believed that the hieroglyphic seals were pressed into soft clay in a clockwise motion heading towards the center of the disc.
I had never really though about the origin of the first typographical element until a few days ago. It is incredibly interesting how people produced mass pieces of text in a time when ink was not used.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaistos_Disc
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